Production of phenazonium dyestuff images



atented Nov. 1, 1949 UNITED STATE raoiiuc'rron or rrmmzomom mms'rm IMAGES Willy A. Schmidt, Easton, PI, and VMM Tulagin, Phillipsbur NHL alligno eral Aniline 8t Filni SerlalN No Drawing. Application January 10, 1O,

rsioGen- Corporation, New York. N. Y., a corporation of Delaware 14 Claims. (cue-as) The present invention'relates to color photog-' raphy and more particularly to the method of producing in photographic elements phenazonium dyestufi images by color forming development and to the developers for producing such dyestufi images.

ne of the best known methods for forming dyestufl images in photographic elements in-- volves that of color forming development which originated with Fischer and which is described in Fischer U. S. P. 1,102,028. The essentials of this method comprise the exposure of a photographic silver halide emulsion and the development of the exposed emulsion with a primary aromatic amino developer, preferably a p-dialkylamino aniline in the presence of a color former. By this procedure there is formed in situ with the silver image an azo methine or quinoneimine dyestufi image. The

silver image is removed with mild oxidizing agents such as alkali ierricyanides which do not affect the dyestufi image."

The color-forming components which react with the oxidation products of the primary amino developer to form the azo methine or quinoneimine dyes are generally typified by the presence of an active methylene group, a phenolic hydroxyl group, or a primary amino group. It is possible while suitably selecting the color-forming components, to produce in a multilayer film by this method the subtractively colored images, to wit,

. yellow, magenta and cyan.

Many improvements have been wrought upon the basic process of Fischer. However, almost universally such improvements employ the funda-' mental reaction described by Fischer in which a 4-dialkyl amino aniline is used for development of an exposed silver halide emulsion in the presence of a color component which forms with the oxidation products of such developer, azo methine and quinoneimine dyestufi images.

While these images are in general fairly satisiactory, they do suiler from the disadvantages of lack of stability to acids, alkalies, sulfur dioxidesolutions and the like. They also have a tendency to fade after storage for a long period of time.

It has been proposed in the dyestufl art to utilize for the dyeing of textiles, compounds of the class known as phenyl phenazonium dyes. These products are produced by the reaction of a plur-- phenazonium dyes are produced in situ with the ality of aromatic amines in the presenceoi air or an oxidizing agent such as chromic acid. Said compounds, which are typified by the following general structure (in which E represents amino or 0H radicals and x and acid radic'a'l),

We have now discovered that ii anexposed photographic silver halide emulsion be developed with a particular class of aromatic triamines in the presence of a conventional color former,

silver image. In certain cases, depending 'upon the particular triamine and color iorm'er selected, such dyes appear to be termed spontaneously. In other cases, the formation oian intermediate quinoneimine dyestufl image is observed, but

such image may be readily converted to the de- Y sired phenazonium dyestuflf image by acidification with acids or acid reacting solutions; 1. e'., acid cuprous chloride solutions. Once theimage has been so convertedto the phenazonium dyestufl image, it is stabilized and is nolonger influenced by acids or alkalies as previously stated.

It is accordingly an object of our invention to produce photographic elements containing a phenazonium dyestufl image. 7

A further object of our invention is to produce phenazonium dyestufl images by color forming development.

A further object of our invention isto produce 7 phenazonium dyestufl. images by color developing an exposed silver halide emulsion with a particular triamine in the presence of a color forming component.

A further object of--our invention is a color forming developer containing as active de- 2,486,440 3 4 veloping agent a particular aromatic triamine.

A further object of our invention is a color forming developer containing a color forming component and as the developer an aromatic coon triamlne. 5

A further object of our invention is a photo- 1 m graphic element containing a phenazonium dyestuff image.

Other and further important objects of the H invention will become apparent as the descrin- N- tion proceeds.

The aromatic triamines which we utilize as the NH, C0011 color developers for production of the phenazo- 2.4-inc-(wear-boxy-phenylamlno)-aniline nium dyestuff images are those of the following structure:

N RIRQ O 0 on Y NHR: 2 Coon wherein R1 is hydrogen or an aliphatic radical such as alkyl, i. e., methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, NH amyl and the like, carboxy alkyl such as carboxy methyl, carboxy ethyl, carboxyl butyl and the like,

sulfoalkyl such as sulfomethyl, sulfopropyl, sulfo- 2-4-51!(m'catmxy'phenyllmlm)aniline butyl and the like, R: is hydrogen, aliphatic as above, or an aromatic radical such as aryl, i. e., 0

phenyl, naphthyl and the like, carboxyaryl, i. e., c 0011.

carboxy phenyl, carboxynaphthyl and the like,

sulfoaryl, such as sulfophenyl, sulfonaphthyl and 000K the like, alkoxyaryl such as methoxyphenyl,

methoxynaphthyl, ethoxyphenyl, butyroxyphenyl and the like, alkylaryl such as toluyl, ethylphenyl,

propylphenyl and the like, R3 is an aromatic or NH aliphatic radical as illustrated above. and Z and Y are hydrogen, sulfo or carboxy or together rep- OCH! resent the atoms necessary to complete a six- 40 membered isocyclic ring system such as benzo NE 9003 and the like.

The following compounds are illustrative of the aromatic triamines contemplated by the present 2-4-1118-(1H1!etfloxrwcarboxyphenylmmo)4111111116 invention:

1 nos NHCIHI NHCc s 60 NH! NH 5-aminc-6.8-bls-(phenylamino)-1-naphthalene sulfonic acid 'Q 2 NHCuHl NH 4.6-bil-(phenylamino)-metanilic acid NHC|H| 2.4 bia-(phenylaminol-anlline NH H0 70 H0 OCH N-C I J: NH- HzSOaH l 6- (N-aultomethyl-N-phenyl -amino-4-phgnylamino-3-aminobenzene sulfonic ac 4.6-bis-(p-methoxy-phenylamino)-metanilic acid it INCH 20 80-8 N800! H0 OCH.

Nn I o mica.

NH: a l-(p-methoxy-phenylaminQ-d-dimflhyhminmtnnilie lfi-bis-(phenyhminflhnino-d-phuyl-S-naphthyi acid lulfonie acid 20 N(CH|)| 27 gem no Um! kg H NE E N C0 1: NH, I NH] d-(p-lulto-phenylamino)-8-dimethylemino-metaniiic acid zwmhewhmhflmh a"! mom "a cm a mom NEC NH no a 4,8-dlmethylamlno-metanllic acid O NH H0 NH: 4(p-methoxy-phenylamino)-6-(p-methyl-phenylamino)- NHCHI metaniiic acid 22 OOH;

d-methylamino-d-nnilino-metmilic acid no NECK;

HOOC OCH;

4- (p-methoxy-phenilnm iliig g-d- (pl-giflaoxy-phenylaminoy COOH NH QNHC IHS 0311 2-|ulto-ethylnmino+(o-carboxy-phenyhmino) -aniline 8 0 11 NH OeH;

11.0mm: Cont 1.3-bilhen lamino -4-amino-B -meth 1-8-na hthnlene (p y zuilonic acid p 4-aniiiuo-6-methyla;nino-metanilic acid However, best results are obtained with compounds 1, 2, 6 and 28, and these are preferred for the preparation of the phenazonium dyestuil' images.

Most of the above compounds or related compounds are known in the literature. In any case, the compounds may be readily synthesized by well-known reactions. For instance, the first compound mentioned is obtained by coupling NLN' diphenyl 1.3 naphthylenediamine-il-sulionic acid with diazotized aniline and reducing the resulting azo dye with sodium hydrosulfite. Compounds 25 and 26 may be similarly prepared while starting from the same parent material wherein, however, the naphthyl nucleus is substituted in the 6-position by methyl and phenyl respectively.

The 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 6th, 7th and 23rd compounds may be obtained by condensing resorcinol and the proper amine by the Bucherer reaction and coupling the resulting diamine with a dimnium salt. By reducing the resulting azo dye with hydrosulphite, the required triamines result.

Compounds 5 and 24 are obtained by condensing o-chioro-benzoic acid with 2.4-diamino-nitrobenzene in the presence of copper and reduction of the resulting nitro acid by means of catalytic hydrogenation.

Compounds 7 to 22 inclusive are obtained by the methods described in German Patents 205,350 and 212,472.

Compounds 27 may be obtained by condensing resorcinoi with formaldehyde and sodium suliite alo n aasaeao- 9 I I to yield a l-sulfonic acid. This is converted to dianilinobensylsulfonic acid by the Bucherer reaction. acid is then converted to the desired compound byalodye coupling andreductionofthereeultlng are phenasonium dyes. In certain-instances, the

initial reaction leads to an observable quinoneimine or indamine dye image. However, by treating such dve images with acids such as'dilute hydrochloric, acetic, dilute sulfuric acid or acid reacting solutions such as acid cuprous chloride.

the intermediate imlne dye image is converted into the'phenasonium dye image.

I'br example, if the color forming component is aceto-acetanilide, a yellow dye is first produced by color forming development. This dye upon acidification with dilute hydrochloric acid is converted into a magentaphenazoniu'mdye.

The usual colo'r forming components containing primary amino, phenolic hydroxyl or reactive methylene groups may be utiliaed'for reaction with the oxidation products or the triamine developers in the production of the phenazonium dyes. Examples of such compounds are:

l sulfo-acetoacetanilide 3-stearoylamino-5-suli'o-acetoaeetanilide uebenrcarbamyl naphthol The dianilinobenlylsulionic 10 I 8.6-disulfo-8-benzsulfonylamino naphthol- 3-phenylamino-aniline 8-benssuliowl amino naphthol 3-sulfo-6-aminonaphthol 3-sulfo-B-phenylaminonaphthol 3-siflfo-6-(p-methoxy-phenylamino) -na phthol 1.8-bis-(phenylamino) 8 naphthalene sulfonic S-methsulfonylamino diethylaniline 8-hydroxy quinoline 'l-carboxy-il hydroxy quinoline Naphthsultam acid 3-sulfo-'l phenylaminonaphthol 1.8-bis-(benzsu1fonyl amino) naphthalene The particular phenazonium dyestufl images which are thus obtained will varydepending upon the specific color formers and specific triamines which are utilized in the process. it may be stated, however, that the phenazonium compounds will have the following general formula:

in which A and B are monovalent radicals of the type herefiiabove referred to or together represent a six-membered isocyclic ring system such as benzo, naphthyl and the like, It represents an aliphatic or aromatic radical as above, and X represents an acid radical. The mechanism ofthe developing reaction by which the phenazonium dyes are formed is not definitely known, but it is believed that it may take the following course when using a compound containing a reactive methylene group or 'a compound containing a phenolic hydroxyl group as the color former:

-CHI

o v I 3-8 02-NH OH It is to be understood, however, that these reactions are given solely for the purpose of better illustrating the invention and not as definitely pointing out how the reaction occurs.

The process using the new color developers may be effected in various ways. For instance, the color forming component may be located in the developer with the triamine. 0n the other hand, the color former in non-diffusing form may be located in the emulsion and the triamine in the developer. Multilayer film each layer containing a non-diffusing color former may be used and the entire film color developed to the desired subtractive dyestufi images in a single color forming development step using the triamine as the developer.

While the triamine and an alkali such as sodium carbonate, sodium hydroxide or the like, are the essential components of the developer, it is preferred that the developer also contain the usual adjuncts such as an alkali metal bromide. i. e., potassium bromide, sodium bromide and the like, and an alkali metal sulflte such as sodium sulfite and the like. It has also been found that better results accrue when there is present in the developer a coupling aid in the form of an inorganic or organic base such as pyridine, quinollne, or ammonium hydroxide. v

The following examples serve to illustrate the invention but it is to be understood that the invention is not restricted thereto.

Example I A photographic silver bromide emulsion containing 3-stearoylamino-5-suli'o-acetoacetanilide as the color former is exposed, developed in black and white, re-exposed and the residual silver halide developed for 20 minutes in a solution of the following composition: 1

Sodium carbonate monohydrate grams 60 Potassium bromide do 2 Sodium sulfite do Pyridine 0s-- 12 2.4-bis-(phenylamino)-aniline grams 4 Water 00s.. 1000 40 The film after development is bleached with potassium ferricyanide and fixed in an acid hard ening hypo solution. There is thus obtained a magenta phenyl-phenazonium dyestuff image which is stable to acids, alkalies and alkali oxidizing agents.

Example II The procedure is the same as in Example I excepting that the 2.4-bis-(phenylamino) -anlline is replaced by 4.6-bis- (phenylamino) -metanilic acid.

Example III The procedure is the same as in Example I excepting that the color former is B-benrsulfonylamino naphthol and the developer is 4.6-bis- (phenylamino) -metanilic acid.

Example IV The procedure is the same as in Example I excepting that the color former located in the emulsion is 8'-hydroxy quinanilide-2-methyl-3-stearoylamido-S-sulfonic acid and the color developer is 4.6-bis-(phenylamino)-metani1ic acid. A magenta phenyl-phenazonium dyestufi image is 9.1-

so obtained in this case. 05

Example V A silver bromide emulsion containing 3-sulio- 6-oleylamino naphthol is exposed and developed in a developer of the following composition:

' l3 s The him after development is bleached with a potassium rerricyanide bleach and fixed in an acid hardening fixer. There is obtained a negative violet dyestuil' image, the dyestui! image be- The film after development is bleached with a ferricyanide bleach and fixed in an acid hard- 14- Example 711! The procedure is the same as in Examplem excepting that the color developer is 4.6-bis-(omethoxy-phenylaminofimetanilic acid and the Inc or the ph n -n n m seriescolor forming component is 3-sulio-6-amino- Example w naphthol. The phenyl-phenazonium dyestuii image obtained in this-case is blue in color. The procedure is the same as in Example V ex- E l Ix cepting that the color forming component locatp a v ed in the emulsion is 3 5uo 5 (p cty1xy A photographic silver bromide emulsion is exphenylaminol-naphthol and the color developer Wed u ma developer ham! is 4-(p-methoxy-phenylamino)-6-dimethyl amifolhwlne comvositiom I no-metanilic acid. A cyan dyestuil image or the Sodium carbonate monohydrate---grams-- 60 phenyl-phenazonium series islikewlse obtained Potassium bromide .do-- 2 in this instance. Sodiumsulilte do ;1.1..' 40 4-(psulfo-phenylamino) -6 dime hyia' Example no-metanilic acid -|;rams 4 A photographic silver halide emulsion is exl.3-bis-(pheny1amino) -8-naphthalene sulposed and developed in black and white. :The ionic acid gram 5 residual silver halide is reexposed and developed Water m 1000 a dimmer the 110MB! Alter bleaching with a ierricyauide bleach and scdiumcarbonate monohydrate grams so fixing in an acid hardening fixer, there'is ob- Potassium bromide do a 1tained a purple phenyl-qphenazonium dyestufl. Sodium sulflte d0 mage- Example x 4 B-N-ammonium hydroxide cc 20 2a The procedure is the same as in Example VII 4. -b sph 1 metanilic 3 4 excepting that the) color developer is 5-amino-6.8-

bis-(phenylamino -1-naphtha1ene sulto'nic acid v ze f naphtha and the color forming component is 2-benzcar- 3 bamyl naphthol.

ening fixer. A positive phenyl-phenazonium dyestui! image purple-blue in color is thereby ob- The following table will serve to further-illustrate the nature of the dyestufl images obtained by utilizing variations of the color developers noted above with difierent color-forming comtained. 5 ponents:

. Table I Golor o i2tge4dy5e6i'rgin8,dv1egthe 0 rs I Y. I i m 12 12, 131' 14,'1s, 1'0, 17, 18 in and 19 i;

M is M outs. cmoocmcona u 0 on Red Blue.

l ilk-NOE cmsomn on I Mezents mm NH. coon Purple cmlsoam on Purple-blue Greeohh blue.

on mu...

Color of the Color of the dye from devol- Gneniah Blue- Cyan- Purple.............-....-.-.-

Blue.....-.-.---...-..-.----.. Blue.

Magnum..-.--.----...---..L.

Purple......-.-.-........-.-..

Blm..........-..-............

.....d0.-. III.-

Color Format H018 NHCl I' NHCl l CoBaHN OaH OcHQBOaNH NHSOaCQHI BlN 3 3 n .....do................ 1170.

H OHIO ON Color oigtgefye 6irgms daavle- Cilorfof the (in D- 0H NHCOCH: We claim: the class consisting of hydrogen, sulfo and car- 1. A photographic developer for producing phenazonium dyestufi images on color development containing an aromatic triamine selected from the class consisting of those of the following formulae:

in which R1 is selected from the class consisting of hydrogen and aliphatic radicals, R2 is selected from the class consisting of hydrogen, alkyl and aromatic radicals, R: is selected from the class consisting of aromatic radicals, a ring carbon atom of which is directly linked to the nitrogen atom and aliphatic radicals a carbon atom of which is directly linked to the nitrogen atom, said carbon atom being substituted by at least two hydrogen atoms, X and Y are selected from the class consisting of hydrogen, sulfo and carboxy, and Q represents the atoms necessary to complete a sixmembered isocyclic ring system.

2. A photographic developer as defined in claim 1 containing a color forming component.

3. A photographic developer as defined in claim 1 including a color forming component in which the color forming group is an active methylene group. i

4. A photographic developer as defined in claim 1 including a color forming component which contains a phenolic hydroxyl group.

5. A photographic developer as defined in claim 1 including a color forming component which contains a sulfonamide group. 7

6. The process of producing phenazonium dyestufi images in an exposed silver halide emulsion which comprises developing said emulsion in the presence of a color forming component with a photographic developer containing as the active developing agent an aromatic triamine selected from the class consisting of those of the following formulae: Y I

- one Q i Y Nan, N33

which is directly linked to the nitrogen atom,

said carbon atom being substituted by at least two hydrogen atoms. x and Y are selected from boxy, and Q represents the atoms necessary to complete a six-membered isocyclic ring system.

7. The process as defined in claim 6 wherein the color forming component is located in the emulsion 8. The process as defined in claim 6 wherein the color forming component is located in the developer. I

9. A photographic developer for producing phenazonium dyestufl. images on color development comprising an alkali and 5-amino-6.8-bis- (phenylamino) -1-naphthalene sulfonic acid.

10. A photographic developer for producing phenazonium dyestufi images on color development comprising an alkali and 2.4-bis-(phenylamino) -aniline.

11. A photographic developer for producin phenazonium dyestufi images on color development comprising an alkali and 2.4-bis-(phenylamino) -metanilic acid.

12. The process of producing phenazonium dyestufi images in silver halide emulsions which comprises developing said emulsion in the presence of a color forming component with a photographic developer containing as the active developing agent 5-amino-6.8-bis-(phenylamino)- l-naphthalene sulfonic acid.

, 13. The process of producing phenazonium dyestufl images inan exposed silver halide emulsion which comprises developing said emulsion in the presence of a color forming component with a photographic developer containing as the active developing agent 2.4-bis-(phenylamino) aniline.

14. The process of producing phenazonium dyestufi images in an exposed silver halide emulsion which comprises developing said emulsion in the presence of a color forming component with a photographic developer containing as the active developing agent 4.6-bis-(phenylamino) -metanilic acid.

WILLY A. SCHMIDT. VSEVOLOD TULAGIN.

REFERENCES CITED UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 1,782,356 Laeuger Nov. 18, 1930 1,880,572 Wendt et a1. Oct. 4, 1932 1,886,809 Hess -1- Nov. 8, 1932 2,163,166 Wilmanns et al. June 20, 1939' 2,193,015 Weissberger Mar. 12, 1940 2,196,739 Peterson Apr. 9, 1940 .1 2,304,953 Peterson Dec. 15, 1942 2,350,109 Hansen May 30, 1944, 2,364,350 Dickey et al. Dec. 5. 1944 2,400,872 Brooker et a1, May 28, 1946 2,414,491

Tulagin Jan. 21, 1947 

